Connection method of steel structure

Connection method of steel structure

There are three kinds of connection methods of steel structure: weld connection, bolt connection and rivet connection.

1. Weld Joint

Weld joining is to melt the welding rod and parts locally by the heat generated by the arc, and then solidify them into welds by cooling, thus joining the welding parts into one.

Advantage:

It does not weaken the cross section of components, saves steel, has simple structure, convenient manufacture, large connection stiffness and good sealing performance. It is easy to use automatic operation under certain conditions and has high production efficiency.

Disadvantages:

The heat affected zone (HAZ) of the steel near the weld may be brittle in some parts due to the high temperature effect of welding; during the welding process, the steel is subjected to uneven distribution of high temperature and cooling, resulting in welding residual stress and deformation of the structure, which have a certain impact on the bearing capacity, stiffness and service performance of the structure; due to the high stiffness of the welded structure, once the local crack occurs, it is easy to extend to the whole structure. Body, especially at low temperature, is prone to brittle fracture; the plasticity and toughness of weld joint are poor, and defects may occur during welding, which reduces fatigue strength.

2. Bolt connection

Bolt connection is a fastener that connects the connectors into one. Bolted connection can be divided into ordinary bolt connection and high strength bolt connection.

Advantage:

The construction technology is simple and easy to install. It is especially suitable for site installation and connection. It is also convenient for disassembly. It is also suitable for structures requiring assembly and disassembly and temporary connection.

Disadvantages:

It is necessary to drill holes on the plate and assemble them to increase the workload of manufacture and require higher precision of manufacture. Bolt holes also weaken the section of components, and the joints often need to overlap each other or add auxiliary connecting plates (or angle steels), so the construction of steel is more complicated and expensive.

3. Rivet connection:

Rivet connection is a rivet with semi-circular prefabricated nail head at one end. After burning the nail rod red, the rivet rod is quickly inserted into the nail hole of the connecting part. Then the rivet gun is used to rivet the other end into a rivet head, so that the connection can be tightened.

Advantage:

Riveting transmission is reliable, plasticity and toughness are good, quality is easy to check and ensure, can be used for heavy and direct bearing dynamic load structure.

Disadvantages:

Riveting technology is complex, labor-intensive and labor-intensive, so it has been basically replaced by welding and high-strength bolt connection.